Electromechanical papers

Electromechanics combines the sciences of electromagnetism, of electrical engineering and mechanics. Mechanical engineering in this context refers to the larger discipline which includes chemical engineering, and other related disciplines. Electrical engineering in this context also encompasses software engineering, computer engineering, and other related fields. This refers to the three major engineering disciplines of electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and civil engineering under which all other engineering disciples are classified.

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Brain fingerprinting

BRAIN FINGERPRINTING

ABSTRACT
Every science involves skill, judgment, or "art" on the part of its practitioners and the science of Brain Fingerprinting testing is no exception. Every forensic science provides scientific data and scientific conclusions for the use of non-scientist judges and juries, who evaluate these on a common-sense and legal basis (i.e., a basis outside the realm of science) in reaching their conclusions regarding the facts and the law of the case.

Investigators' need for accurate, scientific means of linking perpetrators with crime scene evidence has inspired some scientists to ask, "What does the criminal always take with him from the crime scene that records his involvement in the crime?" The answer to this question, of course, is the Brain. The purpose of this document is to delineate the boundaries of the science of Brain Fingerprinting, and specify what falls inside and outside those boundaries.

Paper presentation: Artificial Vision

ARTIFICIAL VISION

ABSTRACT

Blindness is more feared by the public than any other ailment. Artificial vision for the blind was once the stuff of science fiction. But now, a limited form of artificial vision is a reality .Now we are at the beginning of the end of blindness with this type of technology. In an effort to illuminate the perpetually dark world of the blind, researchers are turning to technology. They are investigating several electronic-based strategies designed to bypass various defects or missing links along the brain's image processing pathway and provide some form of artificial sight.
This paper is about curing blindness. Linking electronics and biotechnology, the scientists has made the commitment to the development of technology that will provide or restore vision for the visually impaired around the world. This paper describes the development of artificial vision system, which cures blindness to some extent. This paper explains the process involved in it and explains the concepts of artificial silicon retina, cortical implants etc. The roadblocks that are created are also elucidated clearly. Finally the advancements made in this system and scope of this in the future is also presented clearly

Nanotechnology in medical industry

NANO TECHNOLOGY
CRITICAL ENDEAVOR IN CANCER

ABSTRACT

The advent of nanotechnology in cancer research couldn’t have come at a more opportune time. The vast knowledge of cancer genomics and proteomics emerging as a result of the Human Genome Project is providing critically important details of how cancer develops, which, in turn, creates new opportunities to attack the molecular underpinnings of cancer. However, scientists lack the technological innovations to turn promising molecular discoveries into benefits for cancer patients. It is here that nanotechnology can play a pivotal role, providing the technological power and tools that will enable those developing new diagnostics, therapeutics, and preventives to keep pace with today’s explosion in knowledge.

Nanotechnology provides the sized materials that can be synthesized and function in the same general size range and Biologic structures. Attempts are made to develop forms of anticancer therapeutics based on nanomaterials. Dendritic polymer nanodevices serves as a means for the detection of cancer cells, the identification of cancer signatures, and the targeted delivery of anti-cancer therapeutics (cis-platin, methotrexate, and taxol) and contrast agents to tumor cells. Initial studies documented the synthesis and function of a targeting module, several drug delivery components, and two imaging/contrast agents. Analytical techniques have been developed and used to confirm the structure of the device. Progress has been made on the specifically triggered release of the therapeutic agent within a tumor using high-energy lasers. The work to date has demonstrated the feasibility of the nano-device concept in actual cancer cells in vitro.

CRYONICS

CRYONICS ON WAY TO RAISING THE DEAD? (NANO TECHNOLOGY)

Abstract:

Today technology plays a vital role in every aspect of life. Increasing standards in technology in many fields , has taken man today to high esteem. But the present available technologies are unable to interact with the atoms, such a minute particles. Hence Nanotechnology has been developing. Nanotechnology is nothing but a technology which uses atoms with a view to creating a desired product. It has wider applications in all the fields. The
important application is Cryonics.. Cryonics is nothing but an attempt of raising the dead - making them alive. First we preserve the body then by using molecular machines based nanotechnology we could revive the patients by repairing damaged cells.
In this technical paper we would like to discuss cryonics, how the process of cryonics goes on and why nanotechnology is being used and description of molecular machines which has the capability of repairing damaged cells. Therefore Cryonics is an area in which most of the work is to be done in future .

Mobile fraud detection: paper presentation

MOBILE FRAUD DETECTION

Abstract

This paper discusses the status of research on detection of fraud undertaken in mobile system.
A first task has been the identification of possible fraud scenarios and of typical fraud indicators, which can be mapped to data in toll tickets. Currently, this project is exploring the detection of fraudulent behaviour based on a combination of absolute and differential usage. Three approaches are being investigated: a rule-based approach, and two approaches based on neural networks, where both supervised and unsupervised learning are considered. Special attention is being paid to the feasibility of the implementations.

Microcontroller based- anesthesia injector

MICROCONTROLLER BASED ANESTHESIA INJECTOR

ABSTRACT

In the hospitals when any major operation is performed, the patient must be in anesthetize condition. If the operation lasts for a long time, say for suppose for 4 or 5 hours, complete dose of anesthesia cannot be administered in a single stroke. It may lead to the patient’s death. If lower amount of anesthesia is administered, the patient may wakeup at the middle of the operation.

To avoid this, the anesthetist administers few milliliters of anesthesia per hour to the patient. If the anesthetist fails to administer the anesthesia to the patient at the particular time interval, other allied problems may arise.

To overcome such hazardous problems the design of an automatic operation of an anesthesia machine based on a micro-controller is effective. In this system a keypad is provided along with the microcontroller and syringe infusion pump. The anesthetist can set the level of anesthesia in terms of milliliters per hour to administer anesthesia to the patient with the help of keypad.

After receiving the signal from the keypad, the microcontroller controls the signal to the desire level and fed into the stepper motor to drive the infusion pump in proper manner. The anesthesia is administered to the patient according to the stepper motor rotation (the syringe will move forward or backward direction).

This particular paper will be very much useful to physicians to see the current position of anesthesia of the patients. If the level of anesthesia is decreased to lower level (set value), the alarm will be initiated to alert the physician to refill the anesthesia in the Syringe Pump to continue the process.

Wireless Attendance Monitoring with biometrics

Paper presentations, engineering paper presentations
Iris recognition verification is one of the most reliable personal identification methods in Biometrics.
With the rapid development of iris recognition verification, a number of its applications have been
proposed until now including time attendance system etc. In this paper, a wireless iris recognition
attendance management system is designed and implemented using Daugman’s algorithm (Daugman,
2003). This system based biometrics and wireless technique solves the problem of spurious attendance
and the trouble of laying the corresponding network. It can make the users’ attendances more easily
and effectively.
Key words: Iris recognition verification, personal identification, biometrics, attendance management, wireless.

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Motor speed control

Fuzzy Logic Applied to Motor Control

Abstract-

Today, home appliance applications require more and more features such as motor speed adaptations to multipurpose accessories, user-friendly interfaces, and security features. Such new requirements can be achieved through a low-end microcontroller-based electronic control using the fuzzy logic approach. Now a days, most of fuzzy logic-based controls are only limited to a complicated ranking management of user interfaces, sensors, and actuators, corresponding to slow software speed operation. This paper proposes a totally different use of fuzzy logic. In this case, fuzzy logic is implemented in a standard micro controller to regulate the speed of a universal motor by a real time adjustment (every 30ms) of the motor current. This microcontroller directly tunes the motor current by means of a chopper converter. Starting from a basic food processor application, the paper practically shows how a fuzzy logic approach can be applied to build a closed speed regulation loop from a very low cost tacho-generator. Practical guidelines are successively given from the initial concept analysis phase, up to the final generation of the executable code to be loaded in the microcontroller. The paper also gives the practical procedure to define the input parameters and to build fuzzy logic rules when using the fuzzy logic development tool. Finally, the major benefits of this paper lie in an original approach where fuzzy logic is applied to fast “real-time” regulation loop without requiring any specific expertise in conventional methods of regulation.

PREDICTING EARTHQUAKES

PREDICTING EARTHQUAKES THROUGH DATA MINING

ABSTRACT:
Data mining consists of evolving set of techniques that can be used to extract valuable information and knowledge from massive volumes of data. Data mining research &tools have focused on commercial sector applications. Only a fewer data mining research have focused on scientific data. This paper aims at further data mining study on scientific data. This paper highlights the data mining techniques applied to mine for surface changes over time (e.g. Earthquake rupture). The data mining techniques help researchers to predict the changes in the intensity of volcanos. This paper uses predictive statistical models that can be applied to areas such as seismic activity , the spreading of fire. The basic problem in this class of systems is unobservable dynamics with respect to earthquakes. The space-time patterns associated with time, location and magnitude of the sudden events from the force threshold are observable. This paper highlights the observable space time earthquake patterns from unobservable dynamics using data mining techniques, pattern recognition and ensemble forecasting. Thus this paper gives insight on how data mining can be applied in finding the consequences of earthquakes and hence alerting the public.

Artificial intelligence paper presentations

BRAIN CONTROLLED CAR FOR DISABLE USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

1. ABSTRACT
This paper considers the development of a brain driven car, which would be of great help to the physically disabled people. Since these cars will rely only on what the individual is thinking they will hence not require any physical movement on the part of the individual. The car integrates signals from a variety of sensors like video, weather monitor, anti-collision etc. it also has an automatic navigation system in case of emergency. The car works on the asynchronous mechanism of artificial intelligence. It’s a great advance of technology which will make the disabled, abled. In the 40s and 50s, a number of researchers explored the connection between neurology, information theory, and cybernetics. Some of them built machines that used electronic networks to exhibit rudimentary intelligence, such as W. Grey Walter's turtles and the Johns Hopkins Beast. Many of these researchers gathered for meetings of the Teleological Society at Princeton and the Ratio Club in England.
Most researchers hope that their work will eventually be incorporated into a machine with general intelligence (known as strong AI), combining all the skills above and exceeding human abilities at most or all of them. A few believe that anthropomorphic features like artificial consciousness or an artificial brain may be required for such a project

BUS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR VISION IMPAIRED

BUS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR VISION IMPAIRED

Abstract

Many commercial products developed allow those with disabilities to substantially improve their quality of life.The use of these devices allows the user to experience the freedom of certain aspects of life such as mobility, communication and other fundamental tasks. Examples of such solutions include cochlear implants, prosthetic limbs and text-to-speech devices. The BEACON follows in this same spirit, by providing visually impaired persons (VIPs) the freedom to independently commute via public bus transportation.

Through the use of BEACON transmitters placed on local buses, VIPs are able to safely catch buses with the aid of a portable hand held device and an audio and tactile interface. The wireless communication system between the transmitter and the portable receiver can be achieved through a number of current technologies. With more exotic approaches like Bluetooth still maturing in terms of financial and performance viability, the cheaper and more ubiquitous approach of radio frequency technology points towards a more feasible solution that can be produced at a reasonable cost for either the direct purchase by VIPs or a government subsidised initiative.

With the aid of the current bus transportation system, the BEACON transmitter is able to filter existing vehicle identification information for retransmission to a nearby VIP. The BEACON receiver is thus able to identify buses and their corresponding routes, and consequently inform the VIP of the bus‘ imminent arrival.

For the purposes of the BEACON prototype, communication is facilitated through FM transmissions at around 90MHz (within the commercial FM broadcast range). In addition, the solution attempts to resolve the problem through one-way communication from bus transmitterto handheld receiver. This project has the potential for vast improvement by implementing a duplex communication system, whereby the bus driver is able to identify the presence of VIPs and vice versa. In this way, the process of catching a bus can be further streamlined for efficiency, convenience and safety.

STEGANOGRAPHY

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 STEGANOGRAPHY

ABSTRACT

Steganography (a rough Greek translation of the term Steganography is secret writing) has been used in various forms for 2500 years. Steganography is the art and science of hiding information by embedding messages within other, seemingly harmless messages. It has found use in variously in military, diplomatic, personal and intellectual property applications. Briefly stated, steganography is the term applied to any number of processes that will hide a message within an object, where the hidden message will not be apparent to an observer. This paper will explore steganography from its earliest instances through potential future application.

This paper introduces steganography by explaining what it is, providing a brief history with illustrations of some methods for implementing steganography. Though the forms are many, the focus of the software evaluation in this paper is on the use of images in steganography. We have even discussed various secret communication methods used, its comparison with Cryptography and Digital Watermarking. Finally, future projections on this perfect file encryption technique are made, along with few explanations using our own software and programs.

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Paper on Nanotechnology

NANO TECHNOLOGY

(SHAPING THE FUTURE)

ABSTRACT

A basic definition of Nanotechnology is the study manipulation and manufacture of extremely minute machines or devices. The future of technology at times becomes easier to predict. Computers will compute faster, materials will become stronger and medicine will cure more diseases .the technology that works at the nanometer scale of molecules and atoms will be a large part of this future, enabling great improvements in all the fields of human presence. A supercomputer no bigger than a human cell. A spacecraft no longer or more expensive than the family car. These are just a few promises of nanotechnology.
Within a decade, nanotechnology is expected to be the basis of $1 trillion worth of products in the United States alone and will create anywhere from 8, 00,000 to 2 million new jobs.Nanotechnology is expected to have a revolutionary impact on medicine. A variety of medical processes occur at nanometer length scales. Among the approaches for exploiting developments in nanotechnology in medicine, nanoparticles offer some unique advantages as sensing, delivery, and image enhancement agents. Several varieties of nanoparticles are available including, polymeric nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, quantum dots, dendrimers.

Paper presenation Bus identification for blind

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BUS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

FOR VISION IMPAIRED

Abstract

Many commercial products developed allow those with disabilities to substantially improve their quality of life.The use of these devices allows the user to experience the freedom of certain aspects of life such as mobility, communication and other fundamental tasks. Examples of such solutions include cochlear implants, prosthetic limbs and text-to-speech devices. The BEACON follows in this same spirit, by providing visually impaired persons (VIPs) the freedom to independently commute via public bus transportation.

Through the use of BEACON transmitters placed on local buses, VIPs are able to safely catch buses with the aid of a portable hand held device and an audio and tactile interface. The wireless communication system between the transmitter and the portable receiver can be achieved through a number of current technologies. With more exotic approaches like Bluetooth still maturing in terms of financial and performance viability, the cheaper and more ubiquitous approach of radio frequency technology points towards a more feasible solution that can be produced at a reasonable cost for either the direct purchase by VIPs or a government subsidised initiative.

With the aid of the current bus transportation system, the BEACON transmitter is able to filter existing vehicle identification information for retransmission to a nearby VIP. The BEACON receiver is thus able to identify buses and their corresponding routes, and consequently inform the VIP of the bus‘ imminent arrival.

For the purposes of the BEACON prototype, communication is facilitated through FM transmissions at around 90MHz (within the commercial FM broadcast range). In addition, the solution attempts to resolve the problem through one-way communication from bus transmitterto handheld receiver. This project has the potential for vast improvement by implementing a duplex communication system, whereby the bus driver is able to identify the presence of VIPs and vice versa. In this way, the process of catching a bus can be further streamlined for efficiency, convenience and safety.

Paper presentation on Brain gate system

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BRAIN GATE SYSTEM

ABSTRACT:

The mind-to-movement system that allows a quadriplegic man to control a computer using only his thoughts is a scientific milestone. It was reached, in large part, through the brain gate system. This system has become a boon to the paralyzed. The Brain Gate System is based on Cyber kinetics platform technology to sense,transmit,analyze and apply the language of neurons. The principle of operation behind the Brain Gate System is that with intact brain function, brain signals are generated even though they are not sent to the arms, hands and legs.The signals are interpreted and translated into cursor movements, offering the user an alternate Brain Gate pathway to control a computer with thought,just as individuals who have the ability to move their hands use a mouse.

The 'Brain Gate' contains tiny spikes that will extend down about one millimetre into the brain after being implanted beneath the skull,monitoring the activity from a small group of neurons.It will now be possible for a patient with spinal cord injury to produce brain signals that relay the intention of moving the paralyzed limbs,as signals to an implanted sensor,which is then output as electronic impulses. These impulses enable the user to operate mechanical devices with the help of a computer cursor. Matthew Nagle,a 25-year-old Massachusetts man with a severe spinal cord injury,has been paralyzed from the neck down since 2001.After taking part in a clinical trial of this system,he has opened e-mail,switched TV channels,turned on lights.He even moved a robotic hand from his wheelchair. This marks the first time that neural movement signals have been recorded and decoded in a human with spinal cord injury.The system is also the first to allow a human to control his surrounding environment using his mind.

Paper presentation on Fringerprinting technology

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 BRAIN FINGERPRINTING TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT

Brain Fingerprinting is a new computer-based technology to identify the perpetrator of a crime accurately and scientifically by measuring brain-wave responses to crime-relevant words or pictures presented on a computer screen. Brain Fingerprinting has proven 100% accurate in over 120 tests, including tests on FBI agents, tests for a US intelligence agency and for the US Navy, and tests on real-life situations including felony crimes.

Paper presentation on Bio-chips

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THE BIO-CHIPS

ABSTRACT

“A single electronic card may replace everything in your wallet including. . .
. . . your cash
. . . your credit cards
. . . your ATM card
. . . your ID cards
. . . your insurance
. . . and your life
FUTURE One card, or one chip, with your life on it.”

“Biochips”-The most exciting future technology is an outcome of the fields of Computer science, Electronics & Biology. Its a new type of bio-security device to accurately track information regarding what a person is doing, and who is to accurately track information regarding what he is doing, and who is actually doing it. It’s no more required with biochips the good old idea of remembering pesky PINs, Passwords, & Social security numbers .No more matters of carrying medical records to a hospital, No more cash/credit card carrying to the market place; everything goes embedded in the chip…. Every thing goes digitalized. No more hawker tricks on the internet….! Biochip has a variety technique for secured E-money transactions on the net. The power of biochips exists in capability of locating lost children, downed soldiers, and wandering Alzheimer patients.

Our contributions to this paper lie in the aspects of
“Implementation of Glucose detector in Biochips”
“Implementation of Oxygen sensor in Biochips”
“Implementation of Blood pressure sensor in Biochips”
“Proposal of Solution for the typical theft problem faced by the
Biochips”
The four contributions have been discussed in detail with the proposed principles for implementation of the concepts.

A simple ID chip is already walking around in tens of thousands of individuals, but all of them are pets. Companies such as AVID (Norco, Calif.), Electronic ID, Inc. (Cleburne, TX.), and Electronic Identification Devices, Ltd. (Santa Barbara, Calif.) sell both the chips and the detectors. The chips are of the size of an uncooked grain of rice, small enough to be injected under the skin using a hypodermic syringe needle. They respond to a signal from the detector,
held just a few feet away, by transmitting out an identification number. This number is then compared to database listings of registered pets. The Biochip tagging for humans has already started…Rush out for your tag!!!!!

Paper presenation on BIO-ARTIFICIAL LIVER

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BIO-ARTIFICIAL LIVER

ABSTRACT

The liver is the largest gland in our body and performs a variety of tasks that impact all parts of the body, a spongy mass of wedge-shaped lobes that has many metabolic and secretory functions. The liver secretes bile, a digestive fluid; metabolizes proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; stores glycogen, vitamins, and other substances; synthesizes blood-clotting factors; removes wastes and toxic matter from the blood.

As a result, liver disease has widespread effects on virtually all other organ systems. The only treatment available for liver failure is liver transplant surgery; but donor organs are difficult to obtain, and the procedure, which is complex and expensive, is frequently unsuccessful. Remarkably, the liver is the only organ that can regenerate itself. Numerous attempts have been made over the past 30 years to develop a technique to provide either partial or total metabolic support for the patient with a failing liver. The technical and clinical objective is to provide a temporary liver assist until a patient's own liver regenerates or until a liver transplant can be performed.

By using a special technique of naturally available resources like animal cells and synthetic membrane we are able to create bio artificial liver, which performs 90% of liver functions. It will be a boon for those suffering from liver failure.

Paper presenation on ARTIFICIAL VISION

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 ARTIFICIAL VISION

ABSTRACT

Blindness is more feared by the public than any other ailment. Artificial vision for the blind was once the stuff of science fiction. But now, a limited form of artificial vision is a reality .Now we are at the beginning of the end of blindness with this type of technology. In an effort to illuminate the perpetually dark world of the blind, researchers are turning to technology. They are investigating several electronic-based strategies designed to bypass various defects or missing links along the brain's image processing pathway and provide some form of artificial sight.
This paper is about curing blindness. Linking electronics and biotechnology, the scientists has made the commitment to the development of technology that will provide or restore vision for the visually impaired around the world. This paper describes the development of artificial vision system, which cures blindness to some extent. This paper explains the process involved in it and explains the concepts of artificial silicon retina, cortical implants etc. The roadblocks that are created are also elucidated clearly. Finally the advancements made in this system and scope of this in the future is also presented clearly