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Showing posts with label Biometrics. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Biometrics. Show all posts

Nanotechnology in medical industry

NANO TECHNOLOGY
CRITICAL ENDEAVOR IN CANCER

ABSTRACT

The advent of nanotechnology in cancer research couldn’t have come at a more opportune time. The vast knowledge of cancer genomics and proteomics emerging as a result of the Human Genome Project is providing critically important details of how cancer develops, which, in turn, creates new opportunities to attack the molecular underpinnings of cancer. However, scientists lack the technological innovations to turn promising molecular discoveries into benefits for cancer patients. It is here that nanotechnology can play a pivotal role, providing the technological power and tools that will enable those developing new diagnostics, therapeutics, and preventives to keep pace with today’s explosion in knowledge.

Nanotechnology provides the sized materials that can be synthesized and function in the same general size range and Biologic structures. Attempts are made to develop forms of anticancer therapeutics based on nanomaterials. Dendritic polymer nanodevices serves as a means for the detection of cancer cells, the identification of cancer signatures, and the targeted delivery of anti-cancer therapeutics (cis-platin, methotrexate, and taxol) and contrast agents to tumor cells. Initial studies documented the synthesis and function of a targeting module, several drug delivery components, and two imaging/contrast agents. Analytical techniques have been developed and used to confirm the structure of the device. Progress has been made on the specifically triggered release of the therapeutic agent within a tumor using high-energy lasers. The work to date has demonstrated the feasibility of the nano-device concept in actual cancer cells in vitro.





Biometrics in secure e-transactions


ABSTRACT
In the present day world, online shopping using WAP enabled mobile phone has widely come into use. Credit cards serve as the currency during e-business and e-Shopping.

As technology has advanced in the negative side also hackers and spoofers steal misuse credit card numbers, even though the network has been made secure. So, in this paper, we have proposed a multi-biometric model (integrating voice, fingerprint and facial scanning) that can be embedded in a mobile phone, this making e-transactions more secure. The model is very cost effective as we have tried to use the hardware already present in the phone.This paper uses for image processing or facial recognization and finger print. We have also simulated a few graphs for voice recognition and facial verification using MATLAB 6.0


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Wireless Attendance Monitoring with biometrics

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Iris recognition verification is one of the most reliable personal identification methods in Biometrics.
With the rapid development of iris recognition verification, a number of its applications have been
proposed until now including time attendance system etc. In this paper, a wireless iris recognition
attendance management system is designed and implemented using Daugman’s algorithm (Daugman,
2003). This system based biometrics and wireless technique solves the problem of spurious attendance
and the trouble of laying the corresponding network. It can make the users’ attendances more easily
and effectively.
Key words: Iris recognition verification, personal identification, biometrics, attendance management, wireless.




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BIOMETRICS {IRIS TECHNOLOGY}

BIOMETRICS {IRIS TECHNOLOGY}

abstract

Biometrics (ancient Greek: bios life, metron measure) refers to two very different fields of study and application. The first, which is the older and is used in biological studies, is the collection, synthesis, analysis and management of data in biology. Biometrics in reference to biological sciences, or biostatistics, has been studied since the early twentieth century.[1] Biometrics is the science and technology of measuring and analyzing biological data. In information technology, biometrics refers to technologies that measure

Bio-metric paper presentations

BIOMETRICS

ABSTRACT

Biometrics is the development of statistical and mathematical methods applicable to data analysis problems in the biological sciences. It is a new method of verifying authenticity. Biometrics uses biological traits or behavioral characteristics to identify an individual. A Biometrics system is actually a pattern recognition system that utilizes various patterns like iris patterns, retina patterns and biological traits like fingerprints, facial geometry, voice recognition and hand recognition etc. What makes Biometrics really attractive is the fact that the various security codes like the passwords and the PIN can be interchanged between people but the physiological traits can’t be.

The current applications of Biometric authentication are Entry control, ATM's and Government programs. The most obvious use of biometrics for network security is for secure workstation logons for a workstation connected to a network. The main use of Biometric network security will be to replace the current password system. The most popular biometric authentication scheme employed for the last few years has been Iris Recognition. Many companies are adding biometric authentication features to their products for e.g. Key ware Technologies LBV (Layered biometrics verification) Internet toolkit provides high-level security to e-commerce applications. This toolkit finds use in the area of Internet Banking.

There are various pros and cons to Biometrics that ought to be considered .The advantages mainly are the high levels of security it provides when compared to conventional methods, the uniqueness of biometric attributes makes them an ideal candidate authenticating users, problems associated with passwords can be avoided and that a Biometric characteristic can’t be stolen as opposed to passwords etc. The various disadvantages are the low acceptance rate, high costs associated with Biometric authentication due to the integration into the current network and the acquisition of the hardware and the software, the danger of an individual’s biometric data can be exploited and there are instances especially in voice recognition where the individual is restricted access due to a change in Biometric characteristics due to a cold etc. So, all these disadvantages have to be worked upon to ensure that this brilliant technology be incorporated into all the security systems to ensure safer transactions and restricted access to them to prevent any kind of breach of security.

Biometric paper presentations

BIO-METRICS

ABSTRACT:

Biometrics is seen by many as a solution to a lot of the user identification and security problems in today‘s networks. Password abuse and misuse, intentional and inadvertent is a gaping hole in network security. This results mainly from human error, carelessness and in some cases maliciousness. Biometrics removes human error from the security equation.

Our paper will examine all the technological and feasibility aspects as well as the practical applications. We will look at many different biometric methods of identifying the user.



Paper presentation: Biometrics

Paper presentation: BIOMETRICS

Abstract:

The present century has been one of many scientific discoveries and technological advancements. With the advent of technology came the issue of security. As computing systems became more complicated, there was an increasing need for security.

This paper deals with the concept of Biometrics which gives security to the pages in the internet. There are two security methodologies which are discussed in the paper viz., Token-based security and Secret based security. This identifies the psychological and behavioral characteristics of the user. Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) supports a limited form of security for the Microsoft® Windows® 98. There are many security mechanisms which are followed in protecting the password our paper discuss some of those techniques.
There are several types of verification methods. They are psychological verification, behavioral verification etc. in turn the above methods have sub methods which are discussed along with their advantages and disadvantages.







Biometrics paper presentation

BIOMETRICS

ABSTRACT

This paper basically gives the meaning and origin of the biometrics. It also deals with the identification, operation and the types of biometrics and the fields in which they are used in. It also discusses about the threats and the problems that may be encountered in the due course. Biometric fingerprints are specially discussed here.


Digital signal processing using SMART BIOMETRIC SOLUTIONS

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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING USING SMART BIOMETRIC SOLUTIONS


ABSTRACT

Biometrics is the science of measuring and statistically analyzing biological data. In information technology, biometrics refers to the use of a person’s biological characteristics for personal identification and authentication. Fingerprint, iris-scan, retinal-scan, voiceprint, signature, handprint and facial features are some of the most common types of human biometrics.

Digital signal processors (DSPs), which are specially designed single-chip digital microcomputers that process electrical signals generated by electronic sensors (e.g., cameras, fingerprint sensors, microphones, etc.), will help to revolutionize this world of biometrics. The core of the biometric authentication process is made up of image processing and pattern matching or minutiae comparison algorithms. And the programmable DSP, with an architecture well-suited for implementing complex mathematical algorithms, can efficiently address all the processing needs of such a system.

The following information introduces the concept of a complete biometrics system solution based on semiconductor components, development tools, and software solutions. Additionally, the various concepts that outline the inherent advantages of a DSP in a biometric system - better accuracy, faster recognition and lower cost, all leading to
smarter biometrics - will also be covered.



Bio-instrumentation 2

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Some Definitions:
Measurand: the physical property being investigated Sensor: converts the measurand into an electrical signal
Analog processing: conditions the signal in the analog domain, typically amplification, electrical isolation, filtering
A/D: analog to digital conversion at a specified sampling frequency and precision
Digital processing: conditions the signal in the digital domain, typically, filtering, compression,  enhancements such as digital zoom and contrast enhancement 
Display: organizes the information in a manner understandable to the user, the user interface
Storage: e.g. disk or paper output
D/A: converts a digital signal (based on some reaction to the original analog signal) back
to the analog domain
Actuator: converts and electrical signal into a mechanical action.
Example: A treatment system that controls a laser based on tissue damage. What are the
various pieces in this system?
More definitions, based on operation of instrumentation
Direct: a measurement of the quantity of interest (e.g. measure finger length)
Indirect: a measurement of a quantity related to the quantity of interest (e.g. measurement
of an X-ray of a finger)


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Bio-instrumentation

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So what is the temperature resolution?
In this case, use statistical analysis, given a % confidence we want to achieve of correctly being able to distinguish two different temperatures. If the distribution is assumed to be Gaussian, we can use a multitude of test to determine the resolution (students t-test is easy).Precision- is the number of distinguishable alternatives from which the result is selected. In signals that have been A/D converted, this can be no more than 2^ # bits in the converter.

Range = resolution * precision
Ex. A digital thermometer
Range: 0 to 99.9°C
Display is 3 digits XX.X, so assume resolution is 0.1 °C
Precision is 1000, or about 10 bits
Please note: Webster has another definition of precision (the quality of obtaining the
same output from repeated measurement of the same input). The word “precision” can be
used in both cases. In this class, I am most concerned with distinguishable alternatives.
Reproducibility- is the ability to give the same output for equal inputs over some period
of time (full range or standard deviation).
Specificity- is the ability of an instrument to respond to the desired input only. Signal-tonoise
ratio is one measure. The number of false positives in a binary system is another.


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BIO-METRICS

Biometrics

ABSTRACT:

Biometrics is seen by many as a solution to a lot of the user identification and security problems in today‘s networks. Password abuse and misuse, intentional and inadvertent is a gaping hole in network security. This results mainly from human error, carelessness and in some cases maliciousness. Biometrics removes human error from the security equation.

Our paper will examine all the technological and feasibility aspects as well as the practical applications. We will look at many different biometric methods of identifying the user.


BIOINFORMATICS

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INTRODUCTION

Biometrics is the technique of using unique, non-transferable, physical characteristics, such as fingerprints, to gain entry for personal identification. This replaces pin codes and passwords, which can be forgotten, lost or stolen. Biometric IDs cannot be transferred.

Biometrics are best defined as measurable physiological and / or behavioral characteristics that can be utilized to verify the identity of an individual. They are of interest in any area where it is important to verify the true identity of an individual. Initially, these techniques were employed primarily in specialist high security applications, however we are now seeing their use and proposed use in a much broader range of public facing situations. Biometrics measure individuals' unique physical or behavioral characteristics to recognize or authenticate their identity. Common physical biometrics include fingerprints; hand or palm geometry; and retina, iris, or facial characteristics. Behavioral characters include signature, voice (which also has a physical component), keystroke pattern, and gait. Of this class of biometrics, technologies for signature and voice are the most developed. Now a days the biometrics technology is preferred by many organization for the security purpose and in coming future we will see the same technology in ATM machine, telephone transactions, internet transactions and so on.

Biometrics are not a future technology, they are a current technology, with a bigger role in the future. Biometrics will not to replace passwords, swipe cards, or pin numbers etc, rather work with them in enhancing security in a simple, reliable, and cost effective way.


Paper presentation on biometrics

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ABSTRACT

Biometrics is the development of statistical and mathematical methods applicable to data analysis problems in the biological sciences. It is a new method of verifying authenticity. Biometrics uses biological traits or behavioral characteristics to identify an individual. A Biometrics system is actually a pattern recognition system that utilizes various patterns like iris patterns, retina patterns and biological traits like fingerprints, facial geometry, voice recognition and hand recognition etc. What makes Biometrics really attractive is the fact that the various security codes like the passwords and the PIN can be interchanged between people but the physiological traits can’t be.

The current applications of Biometric authentication are Entry control, ATM's and Government programs. The most obvious use of biometrics for network security is for secure workstation logons for a workstation connected to a network. The main use of Biometric network security will be to replace the current password system. The most popular biometric authentication scheme employed for the last few years has been Iris Recognition. Many companies are adding biometric authentication features to their products for e.g. Key ware Technologies LBV (Layered biometrics verification) Internet toolkit provides high-level security to e-commerce applications. This toolkit finds use in the area of Internet Banking.

There are various pros and cons to Biometrics that ought to be considered .The advantages mainly are the high levels of security it provides when compared to conventional methods, the uniqueness of biometric attributes makes them an ideal candidate authenticating users, problems associated with passwords can be avoided and that a Biometric characteristic can’t be stolen as opposed to passwords etc. The various disadvantages are the low acceptance rate, high costs associated with Biometric authentication due to the integration into the current network and the acquisition of the hardware and the software, the danger of an individual’s biometric data can be exploited and there are instances especially in voice recognition where the individual is restricted access due to a change in Biometric characteristics due to a cold etc. So, all these disadvantages have to be worked upon to ensure that this brilliant technology be incorporated into all the security systems to ensure safer transactions and restricted access to them to prevent any kind of breach of security.


Computational Intelligence A Biological Approach to Artificial Neural Network

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ABSTRACT:

Computational Intelligence is a branch of study of artificial Intelligence. CI is a set of machine capabilities which allowed a machine to use acquired knowledge and to solve new task efficiently in the presence of new condition of their performance. Neural network is a technique of artificial intelligence i.e., computational intelligence. It is on information processing paradigm that is inspired by the way biological nervous system, such as the brain, process information. A neural network is an interconnected group of biological neurons in modern uses that constituted of artificial neurons. In general a neural network is composed of groups or groups of physically connected or functionally associated neurons. A single neuron can be connected to many other neurons and the total number of neurons and connection in a network can be extremely large. Artificial neural network is a crude electronic model based on neural structure of the brain. The brain stores information as patterns utilizes these patterns and solves problems. This paper species that how the human brain learns? And also that defines the essential

Features of neurons and their interconnections. We then typically program a computer to simulate these features. In this paper we have shown theoretically neural network versus conventional computers. Neural networks are based as they are on a crude low level model of biological neural systems. In future, the development of this neurobiological modeling may lead to intelligent genuinely computers.


BRAIN CONTROLLED CAR FOR DISABLE USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

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ABSTRACT
This paper considers the development of a brain driven car, which would be of great help to the physically disabled people. Since these cars will rely only on what the individual is thinking they will hence not require any physical movement on the part of the individual. The car integrates signals from a variety of sensors like video, weather monitor, anti-collision etc. it also has an automatic navigation system in case of emergency. The car works on the asynchronous mechanism of artificial intelligence. It’s a great advance of technology which will make the disabled, abled. In the 40s and 50s, a number of researchers explored the connection between neurology, information theory, and cybernetics. Some of them built machines that used electronic networks to exhibit rudimentary intelligence, such as W. Grey Walter's turtles and the Johns Hopkins Beast. Many of these researchers gathered for meetings of the Teleological Society at Princeton and the Ratio Club in England.
Most researchers hope that their work will eventually be incorporated into a machine with general intelligence (known as strong AI), combining all the skills above and exceeding human abilities at most or all of them. A few believe that anthropomorphic features like artificial consciousness or an artificial brain may be required for such a project


BIOMETRICS {IRIS TECHNOLOGY}

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BIOMETRICS {IRIS TECHNOLOGY}

abstract

Biometrics (ancient Greek: bios life, metron measure) refers to two very different fields of study and application. The first, which is the older and is used in biological studies, is the collection, synthesis, analysis and management of data in biology. Biometrics in reference to biological sciences, or biostatistics, has been studied since the early twentieth century.[1] Biometrics is the science and technology of measuring and analyzing biological data. In information technology, biometrics refers to technologies that measure


BIOMETRICS IN NETWORK SECURITY

BIOMETRICS
IN
NETWORK SECURITY
Abstract:

In today’s information technology world, security for systems is becoming more and more important. One area where security can be improved is in authentication. Biometric, provides one of the most secure methods of authentication and identification Biometric identification utilizes physiological and behavioural characteristics to authenticate a person’s identity, which are both unique and measurable.
Some common physical characteristics that may be used for identification include fingerprints, palm prints, hand geometry, retinal patterns and iris patterns. Behavioural characteristics include signature, voice pattern and keystroke dynamics. Among all these techniques we have chosen iris recognition because, that no two irises are alike, even in twins, thus making them a good biometric.
In this paper, we deduced the most important, efficient and accurate method of authentification and verification using Iris Recognition Technology. In addition to these we
have also discussed the advantages of Iris Recognition Technology including its applications.


Paper presentation on artificial intelligence

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(Biologically Inspired Intelligent Robots Using Artificial Muscles)
Abstract:
Artificial Intelligence is a branch of Science which deals with helping machines finds solutions to complex problems in a more human-like fashion. This generally involves borrowing characteristics from human intelligence, and applying them as algorithms in a computer friendly way. A more or less flexible or efficient approach can be taken depending on the requirements established, which influences how artificial the intelligent behavior appears.

Humans throughout history have always sought to mimic the appearance, mobility, functionality, intelligent operation, and thinking process of biological creatures. This field of biologically inspired technology, having the moniker biometrics, has evolved from making static copies of human and animals in the form of statues to the emergence of robots that operate with realistic appearance and behavior. This paper covers the current state-of-the-art and challenges to making biometric robots using artificial muscles.


Paper presenation Bus identification for blind

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BUS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
FOR VISION IMPAIRED

Abstract

Many commercial products developed allow those with disabilities to substantially improve their quality of life.The use of these devices allows the user to experience the freedom of certain aspects of life such as mobility, communication and other fundamental tasks. Examples of such solutions include cochlear implants, prosthetic limbs and text-to-speech devices. The BEACON follows in this same spirit, by providing visually impaired persons (VIPs) the freedom to independently commute via public bus transportation.

Through the use of BEACON transmitters placed on local buses, VIPs are able to safely catch buses with the aid of a portable hand held device and an audio and tactile interface. The wireless communication system between the transmitter and the portable receiver can be achieved through a number of current technologies. With more exotic approaches like Bluetooth still maturing in terms of financial and performance viability, the cheaper and more ubiquitous approach of radio frequency technology points towards a more feasible solution that can be produced at a reasonable cost for either the direct purchase by VIPs or a government subsidised initiative.

With the aid of the current bus transportation system, the BEACON transmitter is able to filter existing vehicle identification information for retransmission to a nearby VIP. The BEACON receiver is thus able to identify buses and their corresponding routes, and consequently inform the VIP of the bus‘ imminent arrival.

For the purposes of the BEACON prototype, communication is facilitated through FM transmissions at around 90MHz (within the commercial FM broadcast range). In addition, the solution attempts to resolve the problem through one-way communication from bus transmitterto handheld receiver. This project has the potential for vast improvement by implementing a duplex communication system, whereby the bus driver is able to identify the presence of VIPs and vice versa. In this way, the process of catching a bus can be further streamlined for efficiency, convenience and safety.


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